Process and machine for centrifugally extruding and casting substances



Aug. 4, 1931. J. MERL 1,817,012

I PROCESS AND MACHINE F0 ENTRIFUG Y EXTRUDING AND CASTING SUBSTANCE Filed Sept. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 gwwwtoz wh 07a Marie,-

J. MERLE PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR CENTRIFUGALLY Aug. 4, 1931.

'EXTRUDING AND CASTING SUBSTANCES 4, 192 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept.

N E E $217474! 4 Qi E ww .IIfIflI/II/ll/ rllllllfllffla l W kw N N Aug. 4, 1931.. MERLE 1,817,012

PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR CENTRIFUGALLY EXTRUDING AND CASTING SUBSTANCES Filed Sept. .4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 53 g 0 xi: 6?

6/ J9 I Q) g INVENTOR. 6 Lfwe y/z/YerZe,

A TTORNE Y.

.1. MERLE PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR CENTRIFUGALLY EXTRUDING AND CASTING SUBSTANCES 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Aug. 4, 1931.

Filed Sept. 4, 1926 M M, Z W? m d @w v v. 3

ATTORNEY.

Aug. 4, 1931. J. MERLE 1,317,012 I PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR CENTRIFUGALLY EXTRUDING AND CASTING SUBSTANCES Filed Sept. 4, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Aug. 4, 1931 [UNITED STATES PA NT OFFICE J'OSEQPH MERLE, OF IN'EXNABK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO MERLE CENIRIEUGAL PROCESSES, me, on NEW YORK, N.

2., A conrom'rroiw orv NEW YORK PROCESS AND MACHINE FOR CENTNIFUGALLY EXTRUDING AND SUBSTANCES Application filed September mixtures, composit1ons,ores, minerals, metals and a loys and to the machines for carrying out such'processes. More specifically, the present invention relates to an improvement in the processes and machines for working substances and metals by gyrating and projectingthein disclosed in n Patent No. 1,657,132 granted January 24, 928.

.Other objects will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in-which:

Figure -1 is a vertical sectional view of a rotor or distributor,

I Fig. 2 is atop view of the rotor.

20 Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional viewof a mgdified rotor with curved channel cham-. be s. a

Fig. 4 is a top viewof' the rotor of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of. a

I modified rotor and separating machine/ 1 Fig. Gris a vertical sectional view of a modified rotor and extrusion machine.

Fig. 7 is a verticalfisectional view of a further modified rotor aFfd mixing or alloying machine. L c

Fig. 8 is'a topview of the rotor of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a vertical sectional view of another form ,of-rotor; 1 v

10 is a top view 'of the rotor of Fig. 9.

i F1g. l1'is a vertical sectional view of .a

rotor furnace'or separator for treating ore,

minerals, metals and alloys.

Fig.'12 is'a vertical sectional view of a modified rotor with an electrofurnaceo ,L Fig. 13 is a ver'tical' sectional'view of a .rotor having a self current generator.

Fig. '14 is avertical sectional'view of a modified feeding multiple hopper. Fig. 15 is a, vertical sectional view of a further modified feeding hopper with elec- '-tro or-thermalaction. I 1 ,v Fig. 16 isa vertical sectional view .of a gyratory automatic castin 'mfidlfine. 17fis a top view 0% the machine of plastic, moltenflump and. setting substances,

4, 1926. Serial No. 133,588.

Fig. 18 is a detail view of the centrifugally-operated counter-weighted lever mechanism' for closing and opening the molds and ejecting the oastlngs.

Fi 19 is a top View of. the machine showing modified molds therein.

1 Fig. '20 is a side View, partl'y in section, of a modified gyratorycasting machine.

Figs. 21 and 22 "are side views of a mold for casting plow shares or other castings. Fig. 23 is avertical sectional view of a complete gyratory casting machine.

Fig. 24 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified moldconstruction having double rotary motions.

.Fig. 25 is a lon itudinal sectional view of a furthermodifie mold construction having double rotory motions.

Fi .26 is a cross section on the line26-26 of Fig. 25.

Fig. 27 isa vertical sectional view of still anotherformof gyratory casting machine.

Fig. 28 is a vertical sectional view of a further modified form of machine.

,Science shows that the universal gyratory motion is reproduced within the minutest components of the atom of matter and from vit is derived their cohesive energy and actual stable or relatively stable conditions,

atomic constitution, molecular structure and physical; chemical and other characteristics and properties and any variati'onfof it imparts a modification and transformation or disintegration of these elements by changing their actual dynamic and static e uilibrium conditions. It is an object 0 this invention to usethat basic central force to work and transform as many substances,

materials, ores, minerals, metals 7 and alloys as ossible and as required.

onsedli ently, the general object of this invention and of the processes and machines hereinafter described and claimed is to gyrate tinder regulated acceleration and project continuously or intermittently any mass or flowv of one or more substances, mix

. tures,' compositions, ores, minerals, materials, metals or alloys in a fluid, liquid, lastic inolten or lump condition or any p ysical state in which they can be submitted to gyrator-y motion or combined gyratory and 'translatory motions and also when possible more especially when the; mass or flow of substances, mixtures, compositions, ores, mlnerals, materials, metals or alloys 18 forced to pass from one physical state to one the molecular and atomic cohesion to produce and generate the following within the mass or flow treated;

4 1., A high internal'pressure and stress or,

stresses which can be uniformly regulated i and distributed and of any regulated magni-l tude and acceleration.

2. One or several intermolecular or atomic motions, rectilinear, curvilinear, gyratory and combined gyratory and translatory motions, of any desired ratios of intensity and magnitude, generating any kinetic energy desired and creating one or. various intermolecular or atomic sliding, shock, vibrating, swaging, separating, dissociating and other actions of regulated magnitude and acceleration. 5

3. Submitting, if desired, them'ass or flow treated, at the same time, to one or several heat, electric or magnetic rays, air, gases, mechanical, chemical and any other actions,

. externally supplied and applied to the mass or flow treated or generated within it, and affecting both the whole mass or flow treated as well as all its molecular and atomic components.

4.- And subsequently, to either project and cast the'mass or flow treated continuously vor intermittently into finished products' of' any nature, shape and size with or without extra pressure similarly generated within the mass projected into themold or .molds or mechanically applied to the castmasS,

the rojection into the mold or molds being carried out under airtightc onditions, or in a vacuum or with air or other gases.

5., Or to'project and extrude the mass or flow treated under the extruding pressure and flowing speedresulting from the com bined gyratory and translator motions it has received and with or wit out further impact action or mechanical pressure uniformly applied to the cross sectio'n by reciprocated and or rotary tools, into continuous products of any cross section and any length and made ofone or more materials, sub- 0 .7 stances; metals or alloys, mixed, or welded or aggregated and extruded in complete or part adherent layers of similar or distinct cross section, the projection. and extrusion: bemg carned out, lfdesired, under. airti ht.

' The mass or flow, worked in ,one rotor can.

conditions or in a vacuum,'or in air or at er gases. v p .6. Or to prb ect the mass. or flow treated mold, or'by a nozzle and can be airtight, or V,

in a vacuum, or in air or other gases. 1 More specifically, it is a, further object of this invention to apply the following particular processes and to constrfict machines embodying one or more of t e following processes and treatments 1. The generation wz'tkz'n the flow or mass treated of internal pressure and stresses amt of molecular and atomic motions of any] and magnitude. desired This is obtained by using a rotor or distr ibutor of convenient shape, configuration and sizm in which the mass or flow treated is submitted to rotary and translatoryh notions of convenient magnitude and acceleration and intermittently or continuously projected into another rotor of any similar or other slf ape, configuration and size in which the mass or flow projected from the first rotor is submitted to cumulative rotary and translatory motions of greater magnitude, speed and acceleration on a mass or flow a]: ready highly worked and under a high acceleration, thus generating greater pressures, stresses and motions in the same direction or not with the first rotor and projecting in the same'manner the mass or flowany or some or all of these steps, separating,

purifying, dissociating, etc. and also casting or extrudingfof some of the components of the mass or flow treated can take place.

'2; Production of homogeneitg 7 As a result of the above described process, homogeneity and uniformity of the mass or flow {pf substances, mixtures,- compositions, ores,'-"-' materials, metals or alloys treated is obtainedand maintained after the mass or flow is projected from the first or lastrotor an account of the high pressure and internaL inolecular andatomic motions created which are m aintained by-the speed and uniform acceleration under carried out.

5*.lhrect process for and alts tributz'ng inmmlly and uniformly the energy, work and of and. regulating cmracteristiospropertz'es of products I y n d -5i (mol which the projection-is be transferred to thesecond rotor with pra'qi i bre I to produce the desired and necessary mechanand molecular and atomic motions and ac-' celeration given toit as well as its temperature and other temporary physical, chem-' ical and other conditions and this highly accelerated mass or flow of worked ma- .terial is then submitted to additional greater gyratory and translatory'motions with greater acceleration with resulting increase 1n internal pressure,- stress and molecular and atomic motions and, in as many rotors as desired, thus submitting the mass or flow treated to cumulative forces, work and effort applied directly to the mass or flow and uniformly distributed-to its smallest com-.. ponents and of a magnitude perfectly regulable and reaching limits absolutely unobltainable under present working methods.

In this way, thesize, shape, grouping and interlocking of the crystals, particles or smallest components can be efiiciently regulated as Well as all the resulting physical,

chemical, electrical and anyother characteristics and properties of the materials, substances, compositions, mixtures, ores,

minerals, metals and alloys treated.

If compared with actual mechanical working methods, such as: pressing, forging, hammering, rolling, extruding, die-casting, etclpby which work and effort are mechanically applied externally and superficially to the product treated'to reduce its section by g a ing or both breaking and sliding ofthe *crystals, when it has a high'cohesion and high flowing resistance and offers enormous reaction, it is easily seen that the efficiency is very poor and the efiort is never uniformly transmitted to the mass of the prodnot but always superficially and in a decreasing, intensity, thus creating distinct stresses within the product which increase the existing stresses thereby resulting .of its unhomogeneity and segregation "when cast. -The difference between actual methods and this newv process is so great that products. made by this process, even metallurgicalprodnets, are recognizable at a glance from similar products made by actual methodss} If compared with actual centrifuga'hcasting machines making hollow circulareastmgs'jof concrete or cast iron, 1t must be pointed out first that these processes and;-., machines do not coniprise the steps described tinder the paragraph describing the general objects of the invention, and consequently 5 have no rotor, but the material needed for one tube for instance, is poured by gravity as itcomes from the furnace or the ladle with its impurities, gases and slags, inside of a rotary mold, and the circumferential velocity given to the mold is only suificient ical action of holding the material against the walls of the rotary'mold to mold it while it'set's or solidifies, which is generally in- 35 stantaneous.

Anyseparation of slag and gases that may take {place due to the centrifugal force has for e ect to change the even distribution of the metal and to carry it nearer to the inside periphery of the product, making a casttion of the machines and their feeding means this cannot be increased.

In this invention, the speed given to the flow or mass of material projected from the rotor to the'molds or extruding dies -varies according to the characteristics desired and is easily regulatedv between the peripheral speed of 100 to 4,000 feet per second or lower-with a single rotor and is easily increased to 40,000feet per second with double rotors and more when desired.

The centrifugal force is generally from 600 lbs/to 10,000 lbs. per lb. of material but is easily raised to 80,000 lbs. per of material and much greater'when deslred when. using multirotors. 1

Under these conditions, not only a much greater internal pressure and stress are "enerated but all rotors are shaped to pro uce molecular and atomic motions within the mass, which not only insure a perfect homogeneity unobtainable in any other way, but

produce working actions of the highest value, which are much more efficient than all the actual external working methods.

- The material which has been purified, made homogeneous, and internally worked under new conditions, is projected under a high pressure and with a very high speed into or through the molds or dies, where 1f desired additional work can be applied to 'it'whether' by rotating the molds or dies or by mechanical pressure.

Furthermore, by combining the )tation of the rotor with one or more secondary rotations of the molds, this process permits the production of castings of any shape, size and dimensions and being either solid or "h ollow in which the centrifugal force and consequently the internal stress and pressure ca nbe maintained uniformly throughout the-whole mass of the casting. The difference in-results between this process andactual centrifugal casting methods .is so great that evenat a glance the products are differentiated. 4. Purification by separation of undesirable components It is obtained by generating within'the flow or mass treated, adequate intermolecular and atomic motions, creating the necessar 'slidin' swa 'in and se aratin actions i b 6 between the particles in order to separate and disinterlock the undesirable components and classify and project them according to their particular specific gravity into ade- -quately established separating zones at the periphery of the single or multiple rotors used from which they are continuously or intermittently expelled and eliminated. This applies to molten metals and alloys, molten glass, molten rock, minerals and to mixtures and cbmpositions such as concrete,

mortar, etc., and is illustrated in all the rotors shown andv described herein and more specificallyillustrated inF igsf 5, 9 and 11.

5.;Sepamtin into basic components In the same way as described above any mass or flow of mixed substances, materials, metals or alloys in the fluid, liquid, molten, I plastic, or lump state, can be separated into, its basic components which can be continuously or intermittently expelled into adequately established separating zones at the periphery 'of the single or multirotors used.

The separatin' and eliminating actions can be aided, remforced and regulated by submitting the mass or flow, treated and every one of its molecular and atomic components 'to the regulated *action of com.- pressed air, gas or liquid or powdered substances or electric, magnetic or other invisible forces or action, efl'ectuated in one or various or all the centrifugally created zones of separation of the rotor or rotors used. This is more specifically illustrated in Figs.

5, 9 and 11.

6; Refining or clwmiml treatment Under the method described above, it is particularly' efficient for refining any mass or flow of substances, material, ore, metals or alloys in the fluid, liquid, plastic, molten or lump state, because it combines with the normal operation of the rotor the continu- .ousl maintained and regulated submission of t e gaseous, liquid, powdered, plastic or lump reagents to the whole mass or flow treated as Well 'as to .everymolecular and atomic component, in any proportion de; sired and continuously maintained and applied in one or several distinct zones ofthe rotor, with the immediate centrifugal separation-and elimination of the slag formed or undesired components and under regulated pressure and stress conditions constantly maintained within the mass or flow treated which also permit to. work it under constant temperature and flowing conditions in thedifi'erent refining. or treating zones with the maintenance of a perfect vacuum or of any desired air or gaszatmosphere also constantly maintained if desired. This is In this case the process and machines combine some 6r all of the following steps which are practically all new and all very favorable for the eflicient and economic operation and which improve the quality and characteristics of the metals or minerals extracted. i

Continuous and regulated feeding of a mass or a ,flow of as many components as needed, such as ore, fuel, fluxes, reagents and alloying metals or materials, in a regulated quantity and proportion, whether mixed before or fed separately and afterwards mechanically mixed by the machine within the smelting chamber or zone.

Regulated continuousor intermittent action of air, gases, fuels and reagents on the mixed materials. within the smelting chamber or zone, under the internal pres-- sure generated and the internal motions produced to bring, all the elements in contact and particularly the ore or mineral treated with the regulated proportion of air, gas or. reagent it needs, brought to act on every one of its molecules or particles.

Rapidity, efliciency and economy of the fusion considerably aided by the continuous action of the centrifugal force on the mass or flow treated which aids the disintegration of the solid materials by projecting away every liquid drop as soon as formed and increasing the speed of fusion of the remaining solid components by the shock, washing and catalytic action of the liquid drops while they travel towards the adjacent chamber or zone. In the same way, gases, slags and undesirable componenlts are continuously eliminated outside of the rotor-or rotors.

The fused ore or mineral being continuously separated and eliminated as soon as formed from the solid materials within the smelting chamber or zone, permits the maintenance within the chamber "of any conditions desired which can all be easily regulated and maintained constant .or not, as 'desired.

The fused ore or mineral projected under centrifugal action into the adjacent chamber or plurality of chambers which can be circular and encircling the smelting chamber or distinct separate channels or multichannel chambers, can be then submitted one 9r more refining operations, continuouslyonintermittently and in general under the conditions described above in paragraph 6. The refined product before being tprm jected out of the rotorreceive then a final under the accelerated pressure and internal motions generated into it when at This is more specifically illustrated in Figs.

., the periphery of the rotor.

The operationfcan be carried out in sev eral rotors, the first one serving for. instance as smelting the fusing chamber and projecting the fused ore or mineral into one or several other' rotors in which the refining operations are effectuated under convenient air, gas or reagent action or electric, magnetic or other conditions I Then the refined material is cast into stationary or ,rota'ry molds or containers, into finished castings or in continuous products of any cross section, the projection beifig done under air-tight conditions or in a vacuum or in air or gas atmosphere.

By this process, the fuel efliciency' is higher than that with any actual methods being brought to come in contact and to act on every particle of the ore or mineral, without any physical or chemical interference and with the right amount of oxygen. Y Furthermore there is no heat transfer losses, no lining, slag, or gas interference and the com position of the fused ore or mineral in each chamber or zone can be at all time under control and regulated, For instance steel of any grade and composition can be obtained directly from any ore and can be alloyed if desired, in a single machine and cast into finished castings having better characteristics thanactual forged 'or pressed products or extruded into rails or beams having better characteristics and properties than actually rolled products. Furthermore, the composition of the smelted product from the ore can be absolutely regulated and kept under much closer limits than that which is obtained from the multiple furnaces and mechanical operations required with actual methods.

. In the same way, copper, lead, tin, silver and any other metals can be obtained and cast directly from the ore and also steel of any grade from pig iron, synthetic pig iron from steel scraps, ferro alloys and steel alvloy's of any composition, glass products of all kinds from gl'ass making minerals, ce-' ment from rock bearing cement, etc.

This process is more specifically illustrated in Fig. 11.

. 8. Electra-smelting or melting of area, minerals, metals, etc.

In this'case the process and machines combines all or .some of the steps described under the preceding paragraphs with the additional istep of using electric, 'inagnetic, rays, or other physical invisible forces to procure by direct heat action or indirect heat gene-rating or dissociating electrolytic action, the fusion of the mass or flow of materials treated and to further procure, aid,

or regulate the separating and refining of the ores, minerals, metals or alloys treated.-

12 and 13.

.9. Mechanical homogeneous mixing of substances, mdnerals,matew'als and alloying of "metals Y mit them to a.,m0st energetic mechanical beating and mixmg actlon under an accel-' erated pressure internally generated and various molecular and atomic'sliding, friction, shock and swagingf actions resulting from the combined gyratory and translatory motions given to the mass or flow treated, thus creating a complete homogeneity within the mass or flow and maintaining it even after it is projected out of the rotor on account of the internal motions pregenerated which are in no way affected by the speed and accelerationof the projection neither by the centrifugal force. In this Way, all the actually known alloys can be obtained under better regulated conditions than within the furnaces or ladles and without any furnace, lining, gas, slags, interference and also vaporization and heat transfer losses.

Furthermore, any number of mixtures between metals which heretofore could not be 'rials, minerals as well as any desired mixture or composition unknown at present, can be obtained perfectly homogeneous and immediately cast either into finished cast products or extruded in continuous products of any cross section.

In this way, concrete beams, columns, tubes and shapes can be extruded with or without metal cores or armatures, or concrete highly compressed and perfectly homogeneous can be cast into wooden or metal forms or molds and also porcelain plates and insulating materials, porcelain insulators, fibrocement and compositions like rubber,,ebonite, fibre can be made and cast into finished products or extruded into continu- .ous roducts of any shape and cross section.

A so alloys or mixtures made of: steellead, steel aluminium, steel magnesium, steel chromium, aluminium magnesium,

11y illustrated and pro] ejectm'g gates. 1 M or z'ntemuittent projection,

10. Gontz'nuous and casting c In this case the process and machinescombinesome or all of the following steps.

The purified, mixed, compressed and, homogeneous mass or flow of material, substance, mineral, metal or alloy issuing at the periphery of the single or ultimate f rotor, is continuously or intermittently projected outside in a chamber, or a coolingchamber, or a mold; or a plurality of molds. The transfer from the rotor to the chamber, moldor-molds can be made air-tight,'or in a vacuum, in the air, in another gas atmosphere or in any liquid or fluid materials.

The mold, oi molds can be made of one or more parts, oscillatory or pivotally mounted or rotary and can be air cooled or 'water'cooled or heated and the mass of, material or metal projected into the mold or L molds my be subjected-to extra ressure generatedjiinto it by rotation or 0t er motion of the mold produced by the rotation of the rotor or inrc'onnection with it or it can be or not subjected-tomechanical'pressure in 'one or several directions externally applied to the 'castin-gor to"'the mold or molds and in sequence or not withthe rotor rotation. I 45 More especially, an object of'this imam tion relates to articular processes and machines in which the mold or moldsgare rotated' with the rotor under the same'irotary motion and to machines and processfesin which the mold or molds are both rotated with the rotor under the same rotary mo'- tion and in addition receive one or more? secondary rotary motions and other mo-a'. tions, combining in both cases some or all of the following features and operations Use" of the centrifugal force or forces generated to produce the following actions:- to fill the mold or molds? to eliminate the. air contained inside of the mold'or molds as well as any gases produced; to eliminate and expel as soon as the mold or molds are filled,call filling gates and feeders in the liquid, fluid or plastic state, to mechanically-1 olose the mold or molds whether made of;

one or several parts; to mechanically applyll I. Continuou a regulated pressure all over the surface of the castin or castings and check thefexpansion w en solidifying or setting or apply mechanically any pressure locally desired';- to mechanically 0 en the mold, orf' molds; to mechanically e ect the casting or castings; to mechanically air-cool or water- 'cool or clean with'any fluid the mold or molds; to mechanically place, move, push rotate, expand, withdraw or eject internal or external cores or forming tools or mold parts or inserts in relation with the opening or closing of the molds or with the ejecting of the castin or castings; to generate a uniform centri ugal force and uniform stress within the structure of the castings of any shape, size, dimensions, whether 'solld or hollow by' using one or more secondary rotations and or other motions; and to produce castings composed of several distinct metals, alloys or materials, cast at the same time or 'in; sequence and to joint or assemble the component parts.

' .Also more specifically, an object of this invention relates to combining with the processes and "machines described above, one

or more of-the following steps and operations;

Continuously operating machines produc ing castings of one or more materials or' metals or alloys, of any shape and size, either in permanent molds or nonpermanent molds which are moved to receive the 'metals' or materials projected from the rotor or rotors by a chain, or wheel or any type 9 of endless conveyor or any other mechanism moving the molds in sequenceowiththe rotation and projection ofthe rotor and com: bining if desired any number of mechanical or other operations such as: pressing, forgipg, hammering, extruding, ejectin coating, cooling, etc., as well as attaching and removing the molds or cores or parts when convenient and generating one or more secondary rotation or other motions of the mold or molds.

All these steps are new as processes and machines and make the operation of the machines completely automatic under an absolute regulation of all the working conditions= which can be maintained constant.

8 or intermittent amd emtvuding.

'IIkthiZs case, the process and machines combinelsome' or'all of the following steps.

The purified, compressed, mixed and ho- I mogeneous mass or flow of. materials, sub- I stances, minerals, metals or alloys issuing at projection the periphery of the single or ultimate rotor after passing or -not through one or several shaping, reducing-for extruding dies and still in the fluid, liquid or plastic state or already completely or partly set or solidi-, fied iscontinuously or intermittently projected outside of-the rotor in any desired direction and in a chamber or cooling chamber, or mold or molds, container, or'dieor dies. The transfer from the rotorto the. 5 chamber, cooling chamber, mold die {or container can be made air-tight, in a vacuum, or in the air or any desired gas atmosphere, or in any liquid or fluid materials. The

mold, molds, dies or containers can be air-j lo cooled, water cooled or cooled by other fluids r can be heated or'oan have heating devices at the entrance of the material'projected from the rotor or at the .dies or after ex trusion to provide any desired heat treatment.

.Theextrusion of the finished product is either producedin the rotor under the flowing ressure given to the material treated by t e gyratory and .translatoryn'lotion of m the mass and the extruded products are received outside in a stationary chamber or rotary chamber and further cooled, coiled, rolled or straightened. I 1

The extrusion of the finished productis u' also'obtained in projecting continuously or intermittently the material from the rotor into stationary molds or dies in which it sets or solidifies or is shaped if remaining plastic underregulatedcooling conditions if convenientandthrough which it is shaped, extruded and forced out continuously under the kinetic energy stored into it during its passage through thesingle or multiple rorating, working and projecting at the same time distinct substances, materials minerals, metals or alloys, so that these distinct materials projected into different chambers of the same mold container or die can be made. to take any desired shape or cross section,

forming; layers symmetrically distributed one around the other, or only 'part layers,"

or layers which are inserted between one or two of the other components and all are separately extruded if desired through partial dies and finally extruded through the finishing die, so that the size and cross section, whether similar of'each component is accurately sized before being pressed and welded or. aggregated to the other, all the compdnelits being finally siz'ed, compressed andyextruded under a highpressure that insures perfect welding The same operation can be accomplished by feeding to the'same container distinct materials from distinct rotors, but in every case the projection being made air-tight and in a vacuum and with each distinct comp0nentfbeing thoroughly purified, and free from gases and slags and given. the characteristics desired in the final product, the

and adherence between all the components.

welding and adherence are perfectly in-- sured, being made in'a vacuum and completed by the extrusion pressure. In this way rails can be'made with a wear resisting head made of a material such as chromitors aided by the'high pressure maintained Welded and x ru With the body of II upon it bysthe flow continuously or inter- Tailmittentlyprojected from the rotor adding \if desired the shock action of this flow by makingthe flow intermittent. The extru-, sioncan be further aided and regulated by applying a mechanical pressure at the feed- ,ing, end of the containers or dies and um;

formly distributed over their cross section and the cross section of the die or dies by means of reciprocated tools or both reciprocated and rotary tools of a reciprocatedmo- .tion of theecontainers or dies with -or without rotarymotions.

For materials whose extrusion require \a I high pressure, it is easily obtained by using the processes and machines described under paragraphs 1 and 2 and furthermore'mechanical press ure is also easily added when necessary.

The mate ia ls,, or substances, or metals or alloys treat d are thus cast and extruded into productsof any cross section, solid or hollow and of any continuous length, illim ited if necessary and with or without cores or inserts. r 12. Continubris ,or intermittent projection and extruding of products in layers, part layers or inserts All or some of the steps described under 51 paragraph 1 can be obtained in one rotpr gy- Rods, shapes, wires or tubular products can be made of two-or more metals or alloys. Cement and concrete products can be made of various mixtures or aggregated with other components, etc. This permits the production of a great many new products, which cannot be obtained with,

the known processes.

13. Assembling of prod'uets of any: substances, .materiats, metals 01- alloys It is further an object of this invention to "construct machines providing a new process of assembling and jointing parts of any similar or distinct substances, k materials, minerals, rnetals 01' alloys.; e

gsreated ai egiven their characteristics and properties by the treatment they .receive when. in the rotor and these properties and characteristics are equivalent td or much better than those of theact'ual metallurgical or other ,products and the characteristics and properties are main tamed after the material'ls pro ected out-- of the rotor on account of the high press.-

sure and motions generated within it, this material pro'ected' upon any other part of similar or part and forming any assembling orjoint t of the fact "that the materials' mercial istinct L materialgwill set and solidify taking a perfect fit with the former 3 needed to hammer one rivet.

which will be in perfect condition and which will fit in the smallest details of 'a prepared groove or assembling or jointing shape and having as good characteristics and exactitude as a machined joint or assembling mehave it cast and is much more 'eflicient and more resistant than joints made heretofore du'e to the quality and contraction of the material when setting and solidifying which .can be utilized.

*" 14. (locating bf products with substan r materials, metals 01' alloys I It is further an object of this invention to construct machines providing a new proc- L I ess of coating any products with any-s1milar or distinct substances, materials, minerals,metals or alloys. On account of the obtaining any desiredhigh pressure and internal molecular and atomic motions the material projected from the rotor, or rotors permit the production of a very thin, homogeneous and adherent coating of very com- :(5 pact metal or alloy on any metal product or-products or other" materials or sub-' stances and also to obtain ,Fho'mogeneous and perfectly adherent thin I coatings of factsindicated' in the preceding paragraphs and of the facility of and the plungers or the mold or bath may be reciprocated to form the extruded product. v

The gyrocast and gyroextruded metal products according to the present invention are differentiated at a glance from similar products actually made and laboratory tests show their highly improved characteristics.

They are perfectly homogeneous throughout in. metal structure, chemical composition, crystal size, strength, etc. and they show no internal stresses-neither interlocked blowholes, pipes, slags or gases. 7

They show a thin grain structure which is the same and absolutely uniform throughout the whole mass of. the products. 7 The size of the crystals is considerably smaller than the crystals of the same metals cast in metal or sand molds or centrifugal casting machines and the size can be "made smaller than crystals broken down under the most powerful mechanical action now obtainable. The kind, class, shape and assemblin of the crystals is or can be made different om that which is at present shown by the same metal.

' All the physicahmechanical and chemical 0d have the advantage ofbeing made of common nonexpensive metals and are permanent or at least extraordinarily long lastany other substances and materials on products made of any sinfilar and .or;' distinctsubstances and material; The homo- (ilk geneity, high tensile strength and elastic limit, compactness, and adherence and durability of these coatings is better than galvanoplastic coatings, gas projected metals,

paints, lacquer or any other coating made under actual methods. The coatings can be partial and made in molds or dies regulated to a uniform or variated thicknessor can be projected directly uponthe roducts composition projected from the rotor.' The 1-"? -pro ection of the coating material can be -'daone under air-tight conditions, orin a vacuum or in air or other gas atmosphere upon products or parts previously cleaned if desired, or heated or cooled.

It is a further object to construct ,ma'-.- chines which continuously extrude pla s-tie-' substances, metals or alloys ofy anyrc'ross- "section and in polymetals or "layers. fSuch machines may or may not be equi p ed with f "heatingand melting means for t e metals,

ing evenwhen working liquid steel, iron copper' or bronze, onuaccount of their special metal structure, extremely high elastic limit and undestru'ctible surface. They dont burner crack and no facing or refacing are needed.

These molds and diesare not madefrom solid metal which. has been cast or forged and which is afterwards machined and cut,

but'from liquid metal worked in the liquid,

never obtained evenwith the most costly machined" molds. Furthermore molds and dies ofth'e sam'e models can be produced inlarge quantities and without the slightest a'v'ariation between themselves.

anent molds and dies, is as small as the actual foundry cost of castings ofthe same metals hand molded in sand.

The. cost' f production of these metal pera process and the molds obtained are more accurate and considerably more lasting than actually made permanent molds.

The arrows on the drawings indicate the path of the material or materials or metal through the machine and also the path of the gases and slag and other fluids.

Figs 1 to 8 show various forms of rotors or rotary distributors for gyrating and projecting amass or flow of one or various substance, mrxture, composition ore minerals, metal or alloy into or through a mold or molds or die or dies on outside as finished product or upon-any products or articles as coating or lining. The speed of rotation of the rotor or distributor is dependentupon the size of'the specific machine and the-specific work it has to produce. Furthermore,

the speed of rotation, that is the peripheral speed of the rotor, may be varied in order to produce any desired internal pressure and {stress and specific intermolecular and atomic motions of the material treated to impart certain characteristics and properties to the specific fnaterial used and intothe product obtained.v In the form of rotor shown in Figs. 1 and2 three radial and cone shaped passages 2 are provided in the base. portion 1', these passages preferably being arranged angularly in a slightly downward direction.

f The top portion 2 is secured to the base portion by means of bolts 3 and the material or 'metal is fed through a central charging passage 3'. A number of cone-shaped slag or gas passages 12 are arranged in the top portion, preferably one for each passage 2.

These slag passages are adapted to carry off the gases and slag or other impurities which are forced out of the mass orfiow of material or metal-when rotated and projected, due to the high pressure generated and sliding and separating intermolecular and atomic motions created by the shape of the channel. The process carried out by this rotor is as follows: The metal or material is fed into the rotor and, due'to centrifugalforce,

it is forced radially into the passages 2. Due to the increasing acceleration and increasing speed and internally generated pressure, stress, and sliding, friction, and separating motions given to the molecular, particles and atoms, the lighter components gases, slags,'etc. are separated and expelled in the passage 12 and the purified material or metal o rwalloy is then mixed by the same internal motions and expelled underan accelerated high. pressurecentrifugally generated. The rotor or rotors may have their axle" of' rotation. arranged vertically, horizontally or at'any angle, the operation not being affected thereby.

Figs. 3 and 4 show a similar distinct rotor in which the passages 2" are curved instead of straight. The functions and operavided.' The rotor is shown mounted on av spindle 4 which maybe rotated in any usual way.

Fig. 5 shows a machine for the centrifugal separation ofa'liquid alloy or other mixtures, or compositions into several components according, to their specific gravity and the projection undercentrifugal force of the separated components into distinct receptacles or molds. The rotor has a base portion I mounted on the spindle 1 and the top portion 2 is secured on the base by the bolts3. At the upper centerportion of the base a valve 7 is provided whlch cooperates with the feeding hopper 8. By suitably raising or lowering the feed ho per' the amount of metal or mixture flowing from the hopper may be regulated by increasing or decreasing the distance 8' between the hopper and the valve or it may be entirely shut off. In'this modification a third portion 5 is secured on the base and around the top portion by means of =bolts.6. The first separation of a component of the alloymay take place through passage 12 into the receptacle 10' and a second separation through the second passage 12 into receptacle 9. Rods or supports '11 are provided for supporting the receptacle 9 which in turn supports the receptacle 10...

The machine-shown in Fig. 6 is for the purpose of forming and extruding a set or solidified product made of two or more arately shaped and of any cross section or to shape and project a flow of liquid, fluid or plastic materials, metals and substances layers of metal, material or substance sepof any cross section. The portions 1 and 2 of the rotor are as usual bolted together by bolts 3 and the base portion 1 is provided with a valve 7 which cooperates with the hopper 17. A second hopper 16 is pro- Ill) vided which is adapted to feed a second metal or material into the passages 2 of the distributor. By vertically adjusting the sup I portrods 11 the hopper 16 may be adjusted by means of the ring 18, the flow of metal or material being regulated by the distance betweentheoutlet 16 and the top portion 2. By this 0 eration the hopper 17 is also adjusted. lag passages 12 are provided in the top portion 2. In operation one metal" or material is fed into the hopper 17,the

' sage terials.

- tures.

. .ular and atomic motions generated under 'the die 14 in the. end of the passage meinber. At the same time that a metal or material is fed from the hopper 17 another metal or material is alsofed from the hopper 16 and, since both' hoppers are regulated simultaneously, the flow of metal will be of the desired uniformity. The metal or material from hopper 16 flows around the pasmber 14 and unites with and is welded or aggregated with the metal extruded from die 14. Due to the rotation of the rotor the metals or materials are both subjected to the centrifugal force which "separates all slag and gases and welds or aggregates the two metals or materials or one metal and one materialtogeth'er. Due to the high pressure the metals and materials are extruded .through'the die 15 into the final product or projected into a continuous flow of poly metal, alloys or ma- In the same way. more than two' metals or materials can be worked, shaped and extruded or projected. w The machine shown in Figs. 7 and 8 similar to the machine according to l ig. 6, except that in this machine the metals, materials or substances are adapted to be mixed in order toobtain new alloys or OtlIGI IIIlX- The metals or materials are 'fedinto the hoppers 16 and l7,'which are adjustable, the'hopper'l7 by the valve 7 and the hopper 16 by the top portion 2. The metal or metals or materials fed into \the hopper 17 flows into the sleeve 13 and out through one or more openings 13' into the passages 2 in the rotor. The second metal or material meetsithe first in the passages 2 and the two or more metals or materials are forced radially in the passages, .'due to centrifugal force. The pressure created and the molecthe combined gyratory and translato'ry motion given to the How purifies and mixes them and the slag and gases are forced through the passages 12. In order to increase the mixing a plurality of breakers' 19 are providedin the passages '2' and asthe metals or materials areforced around these P obstructions a thorough mixing takes place, aided by the motions created within the mass or flowand; under a high centrifugal pressure. The'mixed metals or alloys or ma-. terials are then, projected at the ends of the passages 2 and,'ifit isdesiredto cast immediately; molds or'dies can be provided or the alloy or mixture can be-progected to form coatings or linings. The mixture can comprise one or more metals or one or more liquid metals and powdered materials ,or plastic materials or powdered metals or metalloids, such as carb urizer's. deoxyders, fluxes, etc.-- This machine willv therefore."

' produce all knownalloys, forming aiid tregulating the alloying mechanically, and 'with better alloying conditionsunder pres-f 1 sure, and with; shock,, friction sliding which, however, can be mixed by the process in all proportions and any number of them at the same time, and under close mechanical regulation. The-new alloys are homogeneous and mixtures between metals and metalloids or other substances in anyproportions maybe obtained. 'Alloys are further obtained in conditi s which exclude all action from ases fue ,slag and furnace linings, since hey are made directly and exte'm oraneously in the machine.- Also in trans err'ing the alloy from the rotor to the mold or die no heat is lost and it is carcied on entirely out of contactywith air. This type of rotor and machine performs all the operations and carries out the proc-- esses described in the sameiof the introhquid; solutions under the known processes rality of channels or tuyres 20 and 21 arranged vertically. Mounted on the spindle 4.is a fan 22w which rotates therewith and im'mediatelyabove this fan and under the base portion of the rotor is a chamber 26 .into which open the channels 20. The base 23is adapted to have the fan casing mount- "ed thereon. When the machine is in operation,' the air sucked by the fan enters channels 21 and. then filters through the molten iron which is being forced by centrifugal pressure radially -in the passages 2'. The air after passing through theiron passes into channels Oaandinto chamber 26 from whence it traverses through the fanand out 'throughoutlet 27 in the fan casing. The iron will thus be converted intosteel similar to the process carried out in a Bessemer 1 or Thomas converter. In order to aidthe flow of the metal and to insure complete treatment of all-partieles of iron guide memhersp 25 are radially arranged in the passages 2.- The direction of the air flow could be reveFseiand a external source of .air or gas or'gas mixe .with owdered or fluid reagentsgican be provide ,such as a 'compressorfiorhther suitable machine. The .mamob ect is-to submit the material passing through t-he rotor to air, gas or any othenfluid orsubstance. The production of steelffrom liquid iron, 'the transformation being nade within'the distributor is continuous and instantaneous, and by this process produces a better steel and operates more efficiently, since every atom of iron receives the proper amount of air in order to oxidize its carbon, and by the control of the air any grade and class of steel canbe obtained. The efiiciency is increased by working under pressure and due to the sliding, separating and swaging' intermolecular and atomic actions within the flow of mol- 2 teen iron. Such gases as .CO and CO and also slags are eliminated as soon as formed and the compressed and refined steel formed may be immediately cast or extruded into 16 finished homogeneous products, if desired, without heat transfer losses. Also, .syn thetic iron may be obtained by incorporating carbon, sihcon, man anese or other elements in fluid or pow ered form to the 20 liquid steel in hopper 24,or vice versa. Similarly any other metal or substance or .mineral or material can be treated with a gas, 'fli'iid or substance in order to obtain a specific material. When a mixture and projection of both the materials fed and air or gas or lighter substances blown is desired, centrifugal force applied on the materials can be reducedand the mixture forced or projected through the channel "ejecting gates. In the modification according to,Fig. 11, the hopper 34 separated by four partitions 34 is adapted to receive ore or minerals 'in onechamber and granulated or lump coke or any liquid or plastic or lump fuel, fluxes and deoxydizers or reagents in the other chamber. Other materials can be used, dc-\ pending upon .the specific physical or chemical treatments desired. In the presentexample, iron or copper ore or glass making 40 minerals are used and by means of the valves 35 the rate of feeding of the materials can be regulated. As these materials descend. inchamber 32 they are heated and smelted or fused, the gases being driven off through 5 openings 32 and the slag through openings 31. The slag thus collects in the receptacle 33 and may be carried off' through outlet 33. Inorder 'to supply a strong current of air for the smelting operation, air is sup plied under pressure by any suitable means.

throughvalve 30 into chamber 29, and from 'there flows upwardly into and through the rotor 28 through openings 28 therein. The iron .or copper ore after being smelted to ironor copper .is forced radially in the passages 2" of the rotor due to the centrifugal force thereof; As in the modificatio n according to Fig. 9 the iron will be transformed to steel with any desired ie fining action,-due to the action 'of the airas it is forced radially in the passages. The rotor can be water jacketed cit/can be p-r'ovidedwith, fins or blades for air cooling.

Air-brother gases or fluid or even lumps or pulverized fuels or materials or substitutes can be blown through the materials fed bythe tuyere box and suitable tuyeres can be distributed in the fusing zone, in the separating zone and in the refining zone. The materials are fed by gravity in the internal chamber where they are melted under centrifugal action which operates to separate the fused metals or minerals and slags from the solid materials. The entire treatment completely refines the metal or mineral which is ultimately projected continuously or intermittently outof the rotor blast furnace into molds, dies or ingot molds. This same process can be applied for melting any other ores or minerals or the rotor blast furnace can be used as a eupola feeding through hopper 34 cold solid pieces of pig'iron and coke and other materials. In this machine steel can be obtained directly from iron ore and the composition of the steelcan be closely regulated. Pure coppercan also be obtained directly from ore and other-metals ,or minerals can also be obtained in the same way. This machine can also be used as a separator for any'fluid, plastic, powdered or lump material fed, by means ofcombined centrifugal and airseparation, the air taking away the lighter materials in the different zones of separation, dividing the initial material loaded in two or more different classes according to their specific gravity and insuring continuous separationand elimination of the products separatedand under the same working conditions. The slag and gas escape openings in the chambers 36 and 32 can be increased in number or reduced, depending upon the specific materials to be worked and further can be arranged at different levels in order to create zones corresponding to the materials used in depending upon the treating materials to be fed into the machine.

Fig. 12 shows a modified rotor furnace in which the metals or materials fed are melted under centrifugal action. The electric resistance or heating coil 37 is mounted on the top portion 2 of the rotor, the current connections. being indicated by collector brushes and a commutator '38. A cover 44 is provided which may be utilized to close the feeding end and thus the melting of the. ore or metal or mineral can take place in an air-tight furnace. Vacuum can be set up by pumping 'air from the furnace 39 by means of a tube 40' in the cover and this same tube can bentilized to pump neutral gases or other gases or fluids in the furnace which are necessary for certain chemical actions. Slag and gases. are as usual driven off, through the openings 12 in the top portion 2. The

,melting efliciencyis increased by the centrifugal action which separate the liquid particles as they are formed and further disintegrates the still solid material which is aided by the shock of liquid particles on its '9 surface and the. washing action of the liquid is possibleto have therotor stationary,

'to generate .a rotary motion and material on the solid particles.

Air or other gases or'liquid, or' plastic or powdered materials can be forced through the rotor furnace similarly to Fig. 11 if convenient and the electric connections can be 'paratus cold steel scrap of suitable chemical composition or any, other materials can be loaded cold and continuously or intermittently melted to supply the molten materials to the rotor and to the molds'or dies. In this way cold scrap can be transformed used to set an electrolytic action within the into new castings as soonfas melted and metal or material treated in the fusing zone or within the refining zone Also instead of mechanically gyrating the metal or alley or material treated by rotating the rotor}; it

ut projecting. motion within, the mass or flow treated by electromagnetic action giving to the coil an adequate disposition, thus having the rotor furnace stationary but the metal or alloy melted, worked and projected-under the centrifugal action due to the rotation of the metal or material, in the same way-and conditions as with mechanically'rotated rotors.

Fig. 13 shows a .distributorwhich includes an electric generator operated by the same l as . is supported by means of supports '11 se-.

shaft which rotates the distributor to thus produce its own current for melting the metal or materials fed ,into the hopper39 under arc, resistance, high frequency or any electro-magnetic action. As shown the hopper 39 is surrounded with an electrical resistance'unit 37 to-which current is fed'by the generator. A coil 41 is mounted around the resistanceand on the top portion.2 of the distributor, said coil beingadapted to rotate. The stationary coils 43 of the generator are mounted in the casing 43' which cured to a cross piece 18 to which the casing is secured. The commutator 42 ofthe generator is designed and mounted in the usual Way. The current produced by the 'generator may be utilized for produeing an arc or induction furnace or high frequency furnace. in which case the resistance unit can be dispensed with.

The feeding hopper 34 shown in Fig. 14 has one or more partitions therein for feeding several different materials and may be heated by means of suitable heaters or burn as 47. The valve'45 for feeding the materiais may-be shut off or may be adjusted by means oflever 46. An electrical resistance can be used instead of the burners or any other nieans can be employed, such as}.

thermic chemicalreactions.

- The feeding hopper 34 of Fig. 15 shows an arc resistance furnace in which the carbon electrode 49 adjustably mounted by means of lifting lever 50. -'By moving the electrode 49 toward the nietal rod 48 or scrap 52 which comprises the other electrode, an arc will be set up which will melt the metal ijwhich in such' condition will run through I the passage in the electrode 49. The hopper- 34 is preferably lined with some suitable material as shbwn by lining 51. By this apgyratory casting machine in which the rotor and the mold. or molds. are rotated, the

mold or molds are jointed and the metal ;or materials cast, the machine stopped and the castings ejected from the molds.

The process is then repeated; In the specific rotor can be used and these rotors 1 and 2 are surrounded bya mold which is in two parts the part'53 being secured to base portion 1 of the distributor andpart 55 secured construction of the machine any type of to and movable with the topportion 2. The

base portion 1 of the distributor is mounted on a rotor 54 into which a spindle projects for rotating the machine. A ring 62, 'connected by nuts with the movable bolts 56, moves the ejecting pin 64 back and forth for the purpose of ejecting the casting, after the mold arts have separated. ,The mold parts 53 and 55 are held in closed position by centrifugal force acting on the counterweights 60 mounted on the pivoted levers 59 and held in place by the nuts 61. This lever 59 is .operatively connected withthe bolts 56, so that upon actuation of the lever 59 the bolt will be operated to open or close the mold parts. When the machine revolves the centrifugal force tends to force the counterweight levers in a horizontal position, The

into the molds; After the metal or material is poured, a greater speed may be imparted to the machine, thusgenerating greater centrifugal force, which tends to check 'the separation of the mold parts and conse quently theeipansion 'of the castings, asthe .metal or material passes fro to the solid state. When the inajchinefi's theliquid .thus tightly closing the mold parts.

metal or alloyor material or materials is now poured into thehopper and i'spro jected by centrifugal force from the rotor stopped the counter weights will operate the; bolts, thus separating th partsof the mol at the same time operating the ejectingpihs' in order to eject the castings from the mold; 7

These machinescan mold any shaped castings and can also, mold'castings requiring cores.

A passage may be provided intheupper half of the mold through which air,

terial is liquid or fluid, thus producing slag, gases and excess metal may discharge itself. The feeding'gate is thus cut off by. centrifugal action when the metal or mafinished' castings without any gate or feeder which. must afterwards he cut off, and further castings are produced, which are free of any fins, due to the high centrifugal pressure which closes the mold.

'A number of molds of the same shape or of different shapes can be provided in the machine. of Figs. 16 to 18, as shown in Fig. .19, for instance.

Figs. 20, 2-1 and 22 illustrate a centrifugal pressure casting machine for making plow shares but any otherisuitable shape can be molded therein, and any number of molds may be provided. In such machines the molds are secured to any convenient type upon the of rotor 1 and 2, the inner half 69 being pivotally secured thereto. The outer half' 68 is secured at the outer end to an arcuate member 67, said member being mounted on the spindle 4 to rotate therewithl The inner half 69 of the inold is pivoted at the rotor end so that when the machine is stationary this half .will assume "the dotted line position, so that the casting may fall from the mold or may be easily removed. Upon rotation of the r-machine the part 69 will be swung outwardly meeting the part 68 and thus .by centrifugal force the parts will re main tightly closed during which time the casting will take place. An increase of the speed as soon as the inetal or material is poured will place an additional pressure.

casting bythe centrifugal force generated, thus causing a. very eflicient and added pressure upon the casting while it passes from the liquid-to' thei solid state. A passage 68:. may be provided iiithe outer portion 68 of the mold in order to eliminate the extra metal'and gates. In Fig321, thet outer half 68 of the mold is shown-and a' cross'section thereof showing the cas'tin 71 and Fig. 22 illustrates the inner half 69 showing a cross section thereof and the east: ing 7 O. 1,;

Fig. 23 shows a complete gyratory pres-.

sure casting machine in which the spindle 4 is mounted in ball bearings, as for instance 8,3, in thesupport 86 and is driven by means of apulley 85 by any suitable. motor. A clutch mechanism 84 is provided inorder to start and stop the machine for the purpose of the removal of the castings. The clutch is operated by'a lever 87 which end 88 of this lever an operating lever 88 is pivotally secured thereto, the actuation thereof being adapted to operate the clutch and also to operate the brake 82'which bears on ring 81 and which is actuated by the lever 82. The object of this brake is to change the rotary speed and to stop the machine in.

portion. 1 which can be any of the different types of roto'rs shown separately is mounted on the spindle and a ring 77 is mounted on the base portion and rotates therewith. This ring forms an abutment for the plurality of \molds 72 and 73 which are pivotally mounted on the base portion by forks 75. These molds may have any desired cross section depending upon the casting to be produced, and when the machine comes to a stop'the molds will assume the dotted line positions, so that the casting will fall therefrom. In operating this machine a rotation of the various parts will force the mold to assume the full line position, due to centrifugal force, whereby the ends of the molds will be closed by the ring 77. The metal or material is then poured and cast and then the machine is stopped whereby the molds will assume vertical positions and the, castings will fall from the molds aided if desired by centrifugally operated ejectors, not shown. The mold 721's for the purpose of making boltsr similar castings, the head being molded in the ring 77 as shown. The mold 73is made in three pieces in order toproduce castings having different directions.

The upper part 78 of mold is stationary and supported on the support 86. The mold 72 is rotatably mounted inthe fork 75 by means of ball bearings 89 and-rotates with the rotor and receives a particular secondary rotation by frictional contact with the ring 77. Due to centrifugal force the mold assumes the position shown in Fig. 24, thus closing the end thereof and at/ the same time causing axial rotation of the mold which subjects the mctalin the mold to a further centrifugal pressure. The mold accordin to Figs. 25' and 26 is similar to th mold o Fig. 24,; except' that in addition an inside member-core or cores or tool 91 is provided "f hich is secured to the feeding mouth the fork7 5. This member produces a rolling and equalizing action on the inner surfacerof the casting and also regulates the thickness. of the casting: No excess metal can be molded'and compressed between the mold and the member 91, the excess metal 'being expelled out of the mold.

her 193 is provided which is adapted to contact with the sta ionary ring 7 7 mounted on rods 11 when t e machine is rotated, and the ends of the molds are thrown outwardly by centrifugal force. The metal or alloy or material is'purified and compressed in the rotor, the air, gases and excess metal being expelled centrifugally as in all of the other machines. The mold construction shown'on the right side illustrates a ring 77 mounted on a stationary part of the machine.

I claim as my invention:

1. A centrifugal pressure distributor for. metals and allows, comprising a rotary portion having walls forming radially arranged passages therein which are adapted to subject the metal to a high pressure upon rotation thereof'and to project the metal radially from the passage at the periphery of the portion and to impart intermolecular motion thereto, said portion also having passages therein communicating with the firstnamed passagesfor slag and gases which are forced out of the metal.

2. A centrifugal pressure distributor for metals and alloys, comprising a rotary portion having walls forming radially arranged passages therein which are adapted to subject the metal to a high pressure upon rotation thereof and to project the metal radial- 1y from the passage at the periphery of the portion, said portion also havlng passages I therein which are arranged at Iigllto angles to and in communication with the firstnamed passages to convey the slag and gases forced out from the metal.

3. A centrifugal pressure casting machine for substances, metals and alloys, comprising a rotary distributor having a central charging passage for the substance and radially arranged passages therein, each con- 7 ing passage for the substance and radially arranged passages therein which are adapted to subject the substance to a high pressure upon rotation thereof, said distributor also having passages therein for the escape of the impurities from the substance in the 1 radial passages; a ring associated with the distributor; a mold secured at one end to the distributor at the peripheral end of each 'radial passage into which the substance is projected from the radial passage and cast in the mold, said mold contacting with and being restrained at the other end by the mug;

a spindle for the distributor; and means for rotating and controlling the spindle.

5, A centrifugal pressure casting machine for substances, metals and alloys, comprising a rotary distributor having a central charging passage for the substance and radi ally arranged passages therein which are force, to close the mold and to receive the.

substance which is projected from the peripheral end of the passage and cast it in the mold.

6. A centrifugal pressure casting machine for substances, metals and allows, comprising a rotary distributor having a central charging passage for the substance and radiadapted to subject the substance to a high pressure upon rotation thereof; a stationary ring associated with the distributor; and a mold secured to the distributor at each peripheral end of each passage whereby upon ally arranged passages therein which are rotation of the distributor the substance will be projected from the passage into the mold to cast the substance, the mold being adapted to rotate due to contact with the ring to impart a further pressure upon the substance and casting.

7. A centrifugal pressure casting machine 'for substances, metals and alloys comprising arotary distributor having a central charging passage for the substance and radially arranged" passages therein which are adapted to subjectthe substances to a high pres- M sure upon rotation thereof; a stationar ring associated with the distributor; a for mounted adjacent each passage; and a mold rotatably mounted in each fork adapted to receive the substance projected from the peripheral end of the passage to'cast the substance, said mold upon rotation of the distributor being forced outwardly by centrifugal force thus contacting with the rin which imparts a rotary motion to the mol to impart a further pressure upon the substance and casting.

8. A centrifugal pressure casting machine fer substances, metals and alloys comprising a ,jrotary. distributor having radiall arranged passages therein which area apted to subject the substances to ahigh pressure upon rotation thereof; astationary ringassociated with the distributor; a fork mount-' ed adjacent each passage; a mold rotatably mounted in each fork adapted to receive 

